The Effect of Cutting Oils on Turning

The special cooling fluid that reduces friction between cutting tools on machine tools and the workpiece, providing high-quality cutting operations, is called cutting oil or cutting fluid.

What Are Cutting Oils

In workshops, soluble cutting oil is generally used as the cutting oil. Soluble cutting oil is made from a mixture of mineral oil, animal fat, and sulfurous compounds. Soluble cutting oil is a type of oil that can be mixed with water, and is milk-white or colored. To prepare soluble cutting oil for use, it needs to be mixed into water at a ratio of 10%…20%. Cutting oils that can’t be mixed with water are used directly.

For details about soluble cutting oil, see: Soluble Cutting Oil

Cutting oils are different from lubricating oils. The two aren’t used for the same purpose.

Characteristics and Uses of Cutting Oils on the Market

cutting fluids and their characteristics. Soluble oil, Transultex, Sultex, severo, cilora, mobilmet, cleartex, garia c, bp energol, dromus, federo m

Petrol Ofisi Soluble oil CX, Soluble oil D, Transultex A (210), Baset A, Transultex C (230), Baset C, Sultex B, Cleartex A, Cleartex B
BP Fedoro M (SB4), BP Cilora 10, BP Cilora 22 (Severo 22), BP Energol CF-KL-32
Shell Dromus BS, Garia A, Garia H, Garia B, Garia C, Macron B, Macron C
Mobil: Mobilmet 140, Mobilmet 735, Mobilmet 424 — the characteristics and applications of cutting oils from these petroleum companies. Which brand of cutting oil is used where. (Above)

Heat-Absorbing Role

Cutting oils extend tool life by absorbing the high heat generated during turning.

Improved Surface Quality

Using the right cutting oil can significantly reduce the surface roughness of the machined part.

Chip Evacuation

Cutting fluids help clear the resulting chips away from the cutting zone, preventing them from damaging the tool.

Why Cutting Oil Is Used in Turning

The appropriate cutting oil should be selected by considering the material being turned, the type of tool bit, and the type of operation. Cutting oil is both necessary and important because the cooling it provides prevents thermal deformation. Cutting oil is chosen from a catalog.

The Effect of Cutting Oils on Spindle Speed, Cutting Speed, and Feed Rate

The heat rise caused by friction at high cutting speeds is absorbed by the cooling, slippery film that the oil forms between the cutting tool and the work surface. As a result, since spindle speed and feed rate can be increased, mass production becomes possible. Mass production also lowers the unit cost per job.

Viscosity: This is the oil’s resistance to flow, which depends on temperature. As temperature rises, the oil’s resistance to flow, i.e. its viscosity, decreases.

The Effect of Cutting Oils on Surface Quality and Tool Bit Life

As cutting oil acts on the job, it provides cooling, keeps dimensions from changing due to thermal expansion, and increases surface quality. As cutting oil acts on the cutting tool, it provides cooling, easier cutting, and extends its life. This positively affects the job’s cost.

For full effect, cutting oil should be applied to the point where the workpiece and the cutting tip meet. Cutting oil should not be applied only to the workpiece or only to the tool bit.

Cutting oil eases the flow of chips and prevents buildup at the cutting point. This improves both the quality of the work and saves energy in production.

Related Questions

Soluble cutting oil is produced as a dense concentrate, and would be both inefficient and expensive if used directly. Mixing it with water at a specific ratio lowers the cost while keeping the cooling and lubricating effect at an adequate level.

Lubricating oil’s job is to reduce friction between continuously moving parts. Cutting oil’s job is both to reduce friction and to rapidly carry away the high heat generated during cutting; this difference in priorities requires the two oils to be formulated differently.